![]() ![]() The local Muslim population was deported, as was the case with neighboring Majorca and elsewhere, and Christians arrived from Girona. The island was conquered for the Crown of Aragon in 1235. King Sigurd continued to Sicily where he visited King Roger II of Sicily. The king had previously conquered the cities of Sintra, Lisbon and Alcácer do Sal and given them over to Christian rulers, in an effort to weaken the Muslim grip on the Iberian peninsula. Ibiza, together with the islands of Formentera and Menorca, were invaded by the Norwegian King Sigurd I of Norway in the spring of 1110 on his crusade to Jerusalem. Under Islamic rule, Ibiza (Yabisah) came in close contact with the city of Dénia-the closest port in the nearby Iberian peninsula, located in the Valencian Community-and the two areas were administered jointly by the Taifa of Dénia during some time (11th century). Ibiza negotiated a favorable treaty (Foedus) with the Romans, which spared Ibiza from further destruction and allowed it to continue its Carthaginian-Punic institutions, traditions and even coinage well into the Empire days, when it became an official Roman municipality.Īfter the fall of the Western Roman Empire and a brief period of first Vandal and then Byzantine rule, the island was conquered by the Muslims in 902, the few remaining locals converted to Islam and Berber settlers came in. With the Carthaginian military failing on the Iberian mainland, Ibiza was last used, 205 B.C, by the fleeing Carthaginian general Mago to gather supplies and men before sailing to Menorca and then to Liguria. Ibiza began establishing its own trading stations along the nearby Balearic island of Majorca, such as Na Guardis, and "Na Galera" where numerous Balearic mercenaries hired on, no doubt as slingers, to fight for Carthage.ĭuring the Second Punic War, the island was assaulted by the two Scipio brothers ( Publius and Gnaeus) in 217 BC but remained loyal to Carthage. Ibiza was a major trading post along the Mediterranean routes. The island produced dye, salt, fish sauce ( garum) and wool.Ī shrine with offerings to the goddess Tanit was established in the cave at Es Cuieram, and the rest of the Balearic Islands entered Eivissa's commercial orbit after 400 BC. With the decline of Phoenicia after the Assyrian invasions, Ibiza came under the control of Carthage, also a former Phoenician colony. In 654 BC, Phoenician settlers founded a port on Ibiza. History Ancient Greek aryballoi found in the necropolis of Puig des Molins. In the 18th and 19th centuries the island was known to the British and especially to the Royal Navy as Ivica, possibly from an older Spanish orthography with ⟨ ç⟩. The Catalan name Pitiüses and the Spanish name Pitiusas retain this Greek root. The Greeks called the two islands of Ibiza and Formentera the Pityoûssai ( Πιτυοῦσσαι, probably meaning "Pine-Covered Islands"). ![]() Phoenician colonists called the island Ibossim or Iboshim ( Phoenician: □□□□□, ʾYBŠM, "Dedicated to Bes"). ![]() In American English the pronunciation is closer to the Latin American Spanish variant ( / ɪ ˈ b iː z ə/ ib- EE-zə, / iː ˈ b iː s ə/ ee- BEE-sə, and so forth) and never pronounces the first syllable as a homophone of “eye”. In British English, the name is usually pronounced in an approximation of the Peninsular Spanish variant ( / aɪ ˈ b iː θ ə, ɪ ˈ b iː θ ə/ eye- BEE-thə, ib- EE-thə), (the former pronunciation does not attempt to approximate Spanish in the first syllable). Its name in Spanish is Ibiza ( pronounced ). Ibiza and the nearby island of Formentera to its south are called the Pine Islands, or " Pityuses". The island's government and the Spanish Tourist Office have worked toward promoting more family-oriented tourism. Ibiza is well known for its nightlife and electronic dance music club scene in the summer, which attract large numbers of tourists. Its highest point, called Sa Talaiassa (or Sa Talaia), is 475 metres (1,558 feet) above sea level. Its largest settlements are Ibiza Town (Catalan: Vila d'Eivissa, or simply Vila), Santa Eulària des Riu, and Sant Antoni de Portmany. It is the third largest of the Balearic Islands. It is 150 kilometres (93 miles) from the city of Valencia. Ibiza ( Spanish: ), in Catalan: Eivissa ( locally see below), is a Spanish island in the Mediterranean Sea off the eastern coast of the Iberian Peninsula.
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